CVE-2025-22457
CVE-2025-22457 is a security flaw in Ivanti Connect Secure, Policy Secure, and ZTA Gateways, a VPN companies use to let staff in from outside. Attackers can run their own code on Ivanti Connect Secure, Policy Secure, and ZTA Gateways from anywhere, without logging in. The US Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) added it to its catalog of flaws known to be used in attacks on 4 Apr 2025, and says ransomware gangs have used it.[1]
Ivanti Connect Secure, Policy Secure, and ZTA Gateways is business software or equipment. Most families won’t have it, but attackers break into it to get inside companies, and from there to what those companies hold about their customers, patients and staff. Ivanti has published a fix or advice.
Description
CISA calls it a stack-based buffer overflow in Ivanti Connect Secure, Policy Secure, and ZTA Gateways. In its words: “Ivanti Connect Secure, Policy Secure, and ZTA Gateways contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability that allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution.”[1]
The CVE record adds: “A stack-based buffer overflow in Ivanti Connect Secure before version 22.7R2.6, Ivanti Policy Secure before version 22.7R1.4, and Ivanti ZTA Gateways before version 22.8R2.2 allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution.”[2]
The underlying weakness is stack buffer overflow (CWE-121), in MITRE’s list of common software weaknesses.
It scores 9.8 out of 10 on the Common Vulnerability Scoring System, which rates it critical, scored by NVD using CVSS 3.1.[2]
Affected versions
NVD’s record doesn’t list version ranges for it; Ivanti’s advisory has them[3]. CISA names the product as Ivanti Connect Secure, Policy Secure, and ZTA Gateways.
Most families won’t have Ivanti Connect Secure, Policy Secure, and ZTA Gateways; it’s for whoever looks after IT at work.
Exploitation
CISA added it to its catalog of known exploited vulnerabilities on 4 Apr 2025, within a day of it being made public. CISA lists a flaw only when it has reliable evidence of it being exploited, and gave US federal agencies until 11 Apr 2025 to fix it.[1] CISA says ransomware gangs have used it.
FIRST’s Exploit Prediction Scoring System, which estimates how likely a flaw is to be used in attacks in the next 30 days from what it sees across the internet, puts it at over 99%. That’s in the top 1% of the flaws it scores.[4]
CISA assesses it as not automatable: each attack takes some work.
CISA doesn’t say who was attacked, or how.
Fix
Ivanti has published a fix or advice.[3] CISA’s required action: “Apply mitigations as set forth in the CISA instructions linked below.”[1]
- Check whether you use it.Ivanti Connect Secure, Policy Secure, and ZTA Gateways is business software or equipment, so most families won’t have it. If you run a business, or work from home on company equipment, ask whoever looks after your IT.
- Send this page to your IT person.Ask them to confirm it’s fixed, or not in use. CISA gave US government agencies until 11 Apr 2025 to fix it.
- If it can’t be fixed, take it offline.CISA’s advice when there’s no fix is to stop using the product, or take it off the internet, until there is one.
You can’t fix someone else’s server, but you can watch for what follows a break-in like this: a breach notice, a password reset you didn’t ask for, or a scam message that knows things it shouldn’t. HARD watches for those for you and your family.
Timeline
| Date | Event |
|---|---|
| The flaw is made public in the National Vulnerability Database, with a severity score of 9.8.[2] | |
| CISA adds it to its catalog of flaws known to be used in attacks, noting that ransomware gangs have used it.[1] | |
| CISA’s deadline for US government agencies to fix it.[1] | |
| FIRST puts the odds of it being used in attacks in the next 30 days at over 99%.[4] |
See also
Other Ivanti Connect Secure, Policy Secure, and ZTA Gateways flaws
- CVE-2025-0282: stack-based buffer overflow ·
Other Ivanti flaws
- CVE-2026-118527, Ivanti Connect Secure: generation of predictable numbers or identifiers ·
- CVE-2026-111357, Ivanti Connect Secure: missing authentication for critical function ·
- CVE-2026-104935, Ivanti Connect Secure: authentication bypass by spoofing ·
- CVE-2026-10520, Ivanti Sentry: OS command injection ·
- CVE-2026-6973, Ivanti Endpoint Manager Mobile (EPMM): improper input validation ·
Other stack buffer overflow flaws
- CVE-2026-7273, Zyxel GS1900 Series Switches: stack-based buffer overflow ·
- CVE-2021-27137, DD-WRT: stack-based buffer overflow ·
- CVE-2025-53521, F5 BIG-IP: stack-based buffer overflow ·
- CVE-2025-20352, Cisco IOS and IOS XE: software SNMP denial of service and remote code execution ·
- CVE-2025-42599, Qualitia Active! Mail: stack-based buffer overflow ·
Every Ivanti flaw on CISA’s list · Everything added in April 2025
References
- ^ Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency. “Ivanti Connect Secure, Policy Secure, and ZTA Gateways Stack-Based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability”. Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, added 4 Apr 2025.
- ^ National Institute of Standards and Technology. “CVE-2025-22457 Detail”. National Vulnerability Database, published 3 Apr 2025.
- ^ Ivanti. Advisories and fixes: forums.ivanti.com.
- ^ FIRST. “Exploit Prediction Scoring System”. EPSS 1.000, percentile 100.0, 31 Oct 2026.
- CVE Program. “CVE-2025-22457”. The official CVE record.
This article is built from CISA’s catalog (version 2026.10.30), NVD’s record and FIRST’s scores, kept in HARD’s database and checked every morning. The plain English is HARD’s.