CVE-2025-61757
CVE-2025-61757 is a security flaw in Oracle Fusion Middleware, Oracle’s business software. Attackers can get into Oracle Fusion Middleware without a valid password. The US Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) added it to its catalog of flaws known to be used in attacks on 21 Nov 2025.[1]
Oracle Fusion Middleware is business software or equipment. Most families won’t have it, but attackers break into it to get inside companies, and from there to what those companies hold about their customers, patients and staff. Oracle has published a fix or advice.
Description
CISA calls it a missing authentication for critical function in Oracle Fusion Middleware. In its words: “Oracle Fusion Middleware contains a missing authentication for critical function vulnerability, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to take over Identity Manager.”[1]
The CVE record adds: “Vulnerability in the Identity Manager product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: REST WebServices). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.1.4.0 and 14.1.2.1.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Identity Manager. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Identity Manager. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).”[2]
The underlying weakness is missing authentication (CWE-306), in MITRE’s list of common software weaknesses.
It scores 9.8 out of 10 on the Common Vulnerability Scoring System, which rates it critical, scored by the organisation that published the CVE using CVSS 3.1.[2]
Affected versions
NVD’s record doesn’t list version ranges for it; Oracle’s advisory has them[3]. CISA names the product as Oracle Fusion Middleware.
Most families won’t have Oracle Fusion Middleware; it’s for whoever looks after IT at work.
Exploitation
CISA added it to its catalog of known exploited vulnerabilities on 21 Nov 2025, 31 days after it was made public. CISA lists a flaw only when it has reliable evidence of it being exploited, and gave US federal agencies until 12 Dec 2025 to fix it.[1]
FIRST’s Exploit Prediction Scoring System, which estimates how likely a flaw is to be used in attacks in the next 30 days from what it sees across the internet, puts it at 89%. That’s in the top 1% of the flaws it scores.[4]
CISA assesses it as automatable: attackers can run it against many targets at once.
CISA doesn’t say who was attacked, or how.
Fix
Oracle has published a fix or advice.[3] CISA’s required action: “Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.”[1]
- Check whether you use it.Oracle Fusion Middleware is business software or equipment, so most families won’t have it. If you run a business, or work from home on company equipment, ask whoever looks after your IT.
- Send this page to your IT person.Ask them to confirm it’s fixed, or not in use. CISA gave US government agencies until 12 Dec 2025 to fix it.
- If it can’t be fixed, take it offline.CISA’s advice when there’s no fix is to stop using the product, or take it off the internet, until there is one.
You can’t fix someone else’s server, but you can watch for what follows a break-in like this: a breach notice, a password reset you didn’t ask for, or a scam message that knows things it shouldn’t. HARD watches for those for you and your family.
Timeline
| Date | Event |
|---|---|
| The flaw is made public in the National Vulnerability Database, with a severity score of 9.8.[2] | |
| CISA adds it to its catalog of flaws known to be used in attacks.[1] | |
| CISA’s deadline for US government agencies to fix it.[1] | |
| FIRST puts the odds of it being used in attacks in the next 30 days at 89%.[4] |
See also
Other Oracle Fusion Middleware flaws
- CVE-2020-2551: unspecified ·
- CVE-2021-35587: unspecified ·
- CVE-2012-1710: unspecified ·
- CVE-2012-0518: unspecified ·
- CVE-2012-3152: unspecified ·
Other Oracle flaws
- CVE-2026-21962, Oracle HTTP Server and Oracle Weblogic Server Proxy Plug-in: improper access control ·
- CVE-2026-46817, Oracle E-Business Suite: improper privilege management ·
- CVE-2026-35273, Oracle PeopleSoft Enterprise PeopleTools: missing authentication for critical function ·
- CVE-2024-21182, Oracle WebLogic Server: unspecified ·
- CVE-2025-61884, Oracle E-Business Suite: server-side request forgery (SSRF) ·
Other missing authentication flaws
- CVE-2026-111357, Ivanti Connect Secure: missing authentication for critical function ·
- CVE-2026-67277, MikroTik RouterOS: missing authentication for critical function ·
- CVE-2026-81578, PaperCut NG/MF: missing authentication for critical function ·
- CVE-2026-72529, TrueConf Server: missing authentication for critical function ·
- CVE-2026-56164, Microsoft SharePoint Server: missing authentication for critical function ·
Every Oracle flaw on CISA’s list · Everything added in November 2025
References
- ^ Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency. “Oracle Fusion Middleware Missing Authentication for Critical Function Vulnerability”. Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, added 21 Nov 2025.
- ^ National Institute of Standards and Technology. “CVE-2025-61757 Detail”. National Vulnerability Database, published 21 Oct 2025.
- ^ Oracle. Advisories and fixes: oracle.com.
- ^ FIRST. “Exploit Prediction Scoring System”. EPSS 0.886, percentile 99.8, 31 Oct 2026.
- CVE Program. “CVE-2025-61757”. The official CVE record.
This article is built from CISA’s catalog (version 2026.10.30), NVD’s record and FIRST’s scores, kept in HARD’s database and checked every morning. The plain English is HARD’s.